Viola (Winterhardy Violets)
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All Violets offered on this page are fully hardy perennials with nice foliage and showy flowers. Several species are suited as excellent ground-covering plants. Most members within this broad family grow well in any rich, well drained, and slightly moist soil during summer in a partially shaded to sunny position. A small group of utmost beautiful and very rare species with rosulate leaves (i. e. with leaves arranged in a dense basal rosette), which are native of subalpine regions in South America (Viola section Andinium), as well as most other subalpine members, such as Viola cheiranthiifolia and Viola palmensis, both native of the Canary islands, require especially in winter a good protection from excessive wetness. These species are best grown under cold glass throughout the year with a layer of grit sand or crushed lava around their base. Sow flat at some 5°C to 15°C from autumn to late spring. Seeds require a cooling period for several months prior to germination. As it is the case in many hardy perennials, if seeds are sowed too late in the year, most will not germinate before spring the following year. Transplant seedlings in early summer or as soon as plants are strong enough. Some may flower in summer the same year already, some may need another year. Several species have two flower seasons, a major one in spring and a second, minor one in late summer, which greatly depends on weather. All are USDA Climate Zone 6 unless stated differently. 20 seeds per package unless noted differently. |
Articles
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Viola odorata ssp. maderense (Madeira Sweet Violet)10 (15)cm, Madeira Sweet Violet is a rare subspecies growing in open spots in the laurel forest of the Canaries, Madeira and the Azores. As the species, yet with larger, more pubescent leaves and deep lilac and fragrant flowers. Fully hardy in Central Europe if grown in a protected spot in any rich, well drained soil in partial shade. IV-V. |
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Viola orientalis (Kisumire Violet)7cm, Kisumire Violet is an endangered precious species with showy bright yellow flowers flushed red on the backside on elegant stems with small leaves. Native of rich soils in meadows and open spots in woods in Japan. For any humus rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot. V-VII. |
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Viola palmata var. triloba (Three-lobed Birdfoot Violet)15 (20)cm, Three-lobed Birdfoot Violet is an ornamental variety, similar to the species, yet with bicolored flowers: lower petals pale lilac, upper petals dark purple to violet. Has lobed, oval leaves. Growing in rocky, open woods in eastern North America. For any rich, well drained soil in a partially shaded to sunny spot. III-IV. |
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Viola pedata (Bird's Foot Violet)10 (12)7cm, Bird's Foot Violet is native of open woods and dry rocky banks in north-eastern USA (from the state of New York, to Wisconsin, and south to Florida). This species bears deeply divided, glossy, dark green leaves and up to 4cm large (!), pale bluish-purple flowers. For any sandy or rocky clay soil with few humus compounds, plant in full sun. IV-VI. |
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Viola pedatifida (Prairie Violet)10 (13)cm, Prairie Violet (syn. Viola palmata var. pedatifida) is native from southern Canady to central-northern USA. It bears unusual leaves, which are palmately divided into narrow segments, and bright violet blue flowers. Excellent for a sunny spot in the rock garden in any well drained soil. IV-V. |
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Viola perinensis (Balkan Violet)10cm, Balkan Violet is a perennial species from mountain meadows in the Balkans. It makes numerous showy rich purplish-blue or yellow flowers. Offered seeds are from yellow-flowering specimens of the Pirin Mountains in Bulgaria. For any humus rich, well drained soil in a sunny to partially shaded spot. IV-V. |
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Viola persicifolia (Fen Violet)7 (12)cm, Fen Violet is a dwarf perennial species with arrow shaped leaves and several stalks with white flowers shaded sky blue. Native of semi moist, unfertilized meadows in central and northern Europe. Has become very rare due to ongoing destruction of its' habitats for agricultural purposes. Easily grown in any rich soil in full sun to partial shade. IV-VI. |
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Viola pinetorum (Yellow Goosefoot Violet)10cm, Yellow Goosefoot Violet or Pine Violet is a perennial species with lanceolate, greyish, smoothly pubescent leaves with undulated margins and rich lemon yellow flowers. Native of open spots in coniferous forests in California. For any rich, very well drained, slightly rocky soil in full sun. Seeds from a certified wild collection in Round Valley Lake, Plumas County, California, USA. V-VI. |
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Viola praemorsa ssp. praemorsa (Astoria Violet)10cm, Astoria Violet is native of open spots in coniferous forests in the western USA and has broad spathulate, somewhat glossy leaves and rather long stalked bright yellow flowers. For any rich, very well drained soil in a sunny to partially shaded spot. Seeds from a certified wild collection in Greenville, Plumas County, California at some 1.100m. IV-VI. |
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Viola pumila (Meadow Violet)7 (12)cm, Meadow Violet is a dwarf perennial species with arrow shaped leaves and several stalks with pale lavender blue flowers. The species is similar to Viola persicifolia, however in Viola pumila the leaves' base is cuneiform (wedge shaped) and the leaf stalks are clearly winged. It is native of semi moist, unfertilized meadows in central and N Europe. Has become very rare due to ongoing destruction of it’s' habitats for agricultural purposes. Easily grown in any rich, always slightly moist, humus rich soil in full sun to partial shade. IV-V. |
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Viola purpurea var. purpurea (Yellow Goosefoot Violet)10cm, Yellow Goosefoot Violet is native in various subspecies in the Western USA. Subspecies purpurea has slightly fleshy, oval leaves which may have a purplish tint under sunny conditons and bright golden flowers. The lower petals show short purplish streaks. For any humus rich, well drained soil in a sunny to partially shaded spot. Seeds from a certified wild collection in Keddie Ridge, Plumas County, California, USA. IV-VI. |
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Viola reichenbachiana (syn. Viola sylvestris)10 (15)cm, perennial spreading violet native of moist Central European woods. Deep violet blue flowers with a narrow dark violet spur above heart shaped to ovoid, plain green leaves. For any humus rich soil in partial shade, excellent under shrubs. Seeds from a population of moist alluvial forests near the Rhine river in Wörth, Germany with dark violet flowers or from moist woods near Lac Vert, Vosges, France with violet flowers. III-V. |
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Viola riviniana (Rivine's Violet)10 (15)cm, Rivine's Violet is a perennial stoloniferous violet native of Central European woods. Sky blue to intense blue flowers with large petals and a broad white to pale yellowish green spur above heart shaped to ovoid, plain green leaves. For any well drained, humus rich soil in partial shade to full sun. Seeds from a population of woods near Pirmasens, southwestern Winestreet, Germany, woods of Langen near Frankfurt, Germany, and open spots in woods in Sandhausen, Germany. III-IV. |
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Viola riviniana cv. "Rosea" (Rose Common Dog Violet)7 (10)cm, Rose Common Dog Violet is a decorative cultivar similar to the species with heartshaped leaves on elongating stems and quite large, rich rose flowers on long stalks. For any rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot. IV-V. |
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Viola rupestris (Sand Violet)7cm, Sand Violet is a perennial, stoloniferous species with small round to heartshaped leaves in a dense rosette and smoothly hairy stems. Distinct small, rich violet blue flowers on short stems. From sandy to rocky soils throughout Central Europe, where is has become quite rare. Seeds from two different populations are available: Mainzer Sande (Mainz, Germany) and Reilinger Eck (Sandhausen, Germany). For any rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot. IV-V. |
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Viola sagittata (Arrowleaf Violet)10cm, Arrowleaf Violet is a perennial native of semi-moist spots in prairies and woods throughout east-central and eastern USA and Canada. It makes narrow, arrow-shaped leaves and volet-blue flowers. For any rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot. IV-V. |
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Viola sheltonii (Shelton's Violet)10cm, Shelton's Violet is native of open spots in coniferous forests in the western states of the USA, Idaho and Colorado. It has perfectly dissected dark green leaves and bright golden flowers hold above. For any humus rich, well drained soil in a sunny to partially shaded spot. Seeds from a certified wild collection in Greenville, Plumas County, California, USA at some 1.100m. IV-VI. |
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Viola sieheana (Troodos Violet) Exclusive10 (20)cm, Troodos Violet is a herbaceous, stoloniferous perennial species with sky-blue flowers above fresh green, heart-shaped leaves. Native of humus rich, slightly moist soils alongside waterstreams in mountains on Cyprus (Troodos mountain range) and southern Turkey. For any well drained, humus rich soil in partial shade to full sun. III-IV. |
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Viola sororia (Common Blue Violet)15 (20)cm, Common Blue Violet has large pale green foliage and numerous showy white flowers with blue lines. It is native to North America (Quebec, Wyoming towards North Carolina and Oklahoma. This rhizomatous species makes floriferous dense carpets in time. An excellent ground covering plant for any soil in a sunny spot. III-V. |
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Viola sororia f. sororia (Common Blue Violet)15 (20)cm, Common Blue Violet has large and rich green foliage. The rarely cultivated form sororia has pure ink blue flowers. It makes dense floriferous carpets in time similar to the blue-white colored form. An excellent ground covering plant for any soil in a sunny spot. III-V. |
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Viola tricolor ssp. eutricolor Exclusive15 (25)cm, a very colorful, yet almost unknown subspecies, with several combinations of dark violet and yellow shades above dark green leaves. For any rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot, where it will self-sow readily under appropiate conditions. V-VII. |
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Viola tricolor ssp. macedonica12 (20)cm, a rarely cultivated annual to biannual violet with showy, purplish-black flowers. This subspecies is native of northern Greece and Macedonia. For any humus rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot, where it will readily self-sow under appropiate conditions. Offered seeds are from real ssp. macedonica and not from a dark colored form of ssp. tricolor. V-VII. |
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Viola tricolor ssp. subalpina Exclusive15 (20)cm, almost spreading, biannual to short-lived perennial Violet with bicolored flowers with lilac to mauve upper and pale mauve to almost white lower petals. From partially shaded to sunny places in rocky soils in grassy slopes and rock crevices in mountains in southern Europe (Alps). A very nice, yet rarely seen subspecies which is more compact and robust in all parts with slightly larger flowers and more oval leaves in contrast to Viola tricolor ssp. tricolor. We offer the true-to-type subspecies which is very rarely seen. Easily cultivated in any rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot, where it will self-sow readily. V-VII. |
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Viola tricolor ssp. tricolor (Heartsease)15 (25)cm, Heartsease is a spreading, tricolored violet with numerous flowers of ornamental violet blue upper and whitish-cream lower petals above narrow leaves. Native throughout meadows from Europe to western Siberia, Asia Minor and North Africa. Easily grown in any rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot. An annual to biannual species which will naturalize readily under good conditions. Two color forms are available which come mostly true. Form 2 shows darker upper petals or may flower entirely dark purplish-blue. V-VII. |
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Viola uliginosa (Bog Violet) Exclusive5 (10)cm, Bog Violet has become a rare and threatened species native from marshes and bogs in Central Europe to northwestern Asia. It makes broad heartshaped to almost round leaves and rich inkblue flowers. Easily grown in any humus rich, always slightly moist soil in a sunny spot. V-VII. |
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